Executive — President, PM, CoM, Governor & Constitutional Conventions

What should you study in Executive?

• President — Art.52-62; election, oath, powers (executive, legislative, judicial, financial)
• PM & Cabinet — Art.74, 75; collective responsibility; cabinet committees
• PMO — growth in power; Constitutional vs political executives
• Vice-President — Art.63-71; election; Rajya Sabha Chairman role

How often is Executive asked in UPSC Mains?

Asked in 5 of 10 years, including 2 of the last 5. Highlighted years below are the ones it appeared in.

1. 2016: asked
2. 2017: not asked
3. 2018: asked
4. 2019: not asked
5. 2020: asked
6. 2021: not asked
7. 2022: asked
8. 2023: not asked
9. 2024: asked
10. 2025: not asked

About the Mains GS Paper II paper

GS Paper II is a 250-mark descriptive Mains paper covering governance, the Constitution, polity, social justice and international relations. See all 40 Mains GS Paper II topics.

Related topics to study next

• Evolution of Constitution — Charter Acts (1773–1853), GoI Acts (1858/1919/1935), Independence ActHigh-yieldasked 5/10 yrs
• Constituent Assembly — Objectives, Key Committees, Drafting & SourcesHigh-yieldasked 5/10 yrs
• Salient Features, Basic Structure Doctrine & Preamble ValuesHigh-yieldasked 5/10 yrs
• Constitutional Amendments — Major Amendments, Procedure & Basic Structure LimitsHigh-yieldasked 4/10 yrs
• Federal Structure — Centre-State Relations, Cooperative/Competitive FederalismHigh-yieldasked 5/10 yrs
• Parliament & State Legislatures — Functions, Procedures, Privileges & OversightHigh-yieldasked 4/10 yrs
• Judiciary — Supreme Court, High Courts, Judicial Review, PILs & AppointmentsHigh-yieldasked 4/10 yrs
• Separation of Powers, Checks & Balances & Comparison with Other ConstitutionsHigh-yieldasked 3/10 yrs