Mains GS Paper IIIScience & TechnologyHigh-yield

Energy Transitions — Green Hydrogen, Storage, Hard-to-Abate

ऊर्जा संक्रमण — हरित हाइड्रोजन, भंडारण

Energy Transitions — Green Hydrogen, Storage, Hard-to-Abate is part of the UPSC Mains GS Paper III syllabus, under Science & Technology. It appeared in Mains GS Paper III question papers in 4 of the 10 years from 2016 to 2025 (2022, 2023, 2024, 2025). It is marked high-yield: a topic worth revising more than once.

What should you study in Energy Transitions?

Green hydrogen — National Green Hydrogen Mission (5 MMT/year by 2030)
CCUS — carbon capture utilisation & storage; hard-to-abate sectors
SMRs — small modular reactors; BHAVINI development
Energy storage — battery (BESS), pumped hydro; grid integration

How often is Energy Transitions asked in UPSC Mains?

Asked in 4 of 10 years, including 4 of the last 5. Highlighted years below are the ones it appeared in.

2016: not asked
2017: not asked
2018: not asked
2019: not asked
2020: not asked
2021: not asked
2022: asked
2023: asked
2024: asked
2025: asked

About the Mains GS Paper III paper

GS Paper III is a 250-mark descriptive Mains paper covering technology, economic development, biodiversity, environment, security and disaster management. See all 50 Mains GS Paper III topics.

Track your revision of Energy Transitions

Mark foundation done, count revisions and see your coverage across the whole syllabus — free, in Hindi or English.

Start tracking — free

Energy Transitions — Green Hydrogen, Storage, Hard-to-Abate

What should you study in Energy Transitions?

How often is Energy Transitions asked in UPSC Mains?

About the Mains GS Paper III paper

Related topics to study next

Track your revision of Energy Transitions